EXCERPT

Grid cells, together with other cells in the entorhinal cortex that recognize the direction of the head of the animal and the border of the room, form networks with the place cells in the hippocampus. This circuitry constitutes a comprehensive positioning system, an inner GPS, in the brain. The positioning system in the human brain appears to have similar components as those of the rat brain.

SOURCE

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/med_image_press_eng.pdf

This was first discovered 43 years ago by Prof. O'Keefe and then advanced in 2005 by Profs. Moser.

Bioinformatics.Org congratulates Profs. O'Keefe and Moser for winning the coveted Nobel prize.

More details at http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/press.html